An employer receives a written citation when it violates OSHA standards or regulations. The citation will describe the particular nature of the violation and will include a reference to the provision of the chapter, standard, rule, regulation or order the employer violated.

In addition, the citation will provide a reasonable amount of time for the employer to correct the problem. When the violation does not pose a direct or immediate threat to safety or health (de minimis violation), OSHA may issue a notice or warning instead of a citation.

An employer that receives a citation must post a copy of it at or near the place where the violation occurred. The notice must remain on display for three days or until the violation is corrected, whichever is longer. Penalties may be adjusted depending on the gravity of the violation and the employer’s size, history of previous violations and ability to show a good faith effort to comply with OSHA requirements.

Annual Adjustments

Current laws allow OSHA to adjust the maximum penalty amounts every year to account for the cost of inflation, as shown by the consumer price index (CPI). If OSHA plans to adjust penalty amounts, it must signal its intention by Jan. 15 of each year.

Links and Resources

• OSHA enforcement website
• OSHA penalties website

Current Penalties

• De minimis violation—Warning
• Other-than-serious violation—Up to $16,550 per violation
• Serious violation (a violation where there is a substantial probability that death or serious physical harm could result from an employer’s practice, method, operation or process. An employer is excused if it could not reasonably know of the presence of the violation)—Up to $16,550 per violation
• Willful violation (a violation is willful when committed intentionally and knowingly. The employer must be aware that a hazardous condition exists, know that the condition violates an OSHA standard or other obligation, and make no reasonable effort to eliminate it)—Between $11,823 and $165,514 per violation
• Repeated violation (a violation is repeated when it is substantially similar to a violation that was already present in a previous citation)—Up to $165,514 per violation
• Willful violation resulting in death of employee —Up to $10,000 and/or imprisonment for up to six months with penalties potentially doubling for a second or higher conviction
• Unabated violation—Up to $16,550 per day until the violation is corrected
• Making false statements, representations or certifications—Up to $10,000 and/or imprisonment for up to six months
• Violation of posting requirements—Up to $16,550 per violation
• Providing unauthorized advance notice of inspection—Up to $1,000, imprisonment for up to six months or both

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This is not intended to be exhaustive nor should any discussion or opinions be construed as legal advice. Readers should contact legal counsel or an insurance professional for appropriate advice. ©2025 Zywave, Inc. All rights reserved